NEPHROTOXICITY CHALLENGE
Drug-induced kidney injury accounts for approximately 19% of acute kidney injury cases. The proximal tubule is particularly vulnerable due to high drug transporter expression. Kidney organoids and proximal tubule chips now enable human-relevant nephrotoxicity screening with functional transporters and injury biomarker detection.
KEY TECHNOLOGIES
Kidney organoids contain nephron segments including glomeruli, proximal tubules, and collecting ducts. They express drug transporters (OAT1, OAT3) and respond to nephrotoxic compounds with appropriate injury biomarkers.
Kidney chips with primary proximal tubule cells under flow demonstrate active transport and polarized architecture. Nortis (acquired by Quris-AI) developed leading kidney-chip platforms.
KEY PROVIDERS
Quris-AI
Nortis kidney-chip acquisition
Organovo
ExVive kidney tissue
Emulate
Kidney-Chip platform